They told a tale of progress fuelled by human brain power. Scholars once proclaimed that the agricultural revolution was a great leap forward for humanity. Those few species lived in particular places, and those are the places where agricultural revolutions occurred.
Of the thousands of species that our ancestors hunted and gathered, only a few were suitable candidates for farming and herding. Sapiens Book PDF Download The fungi were far too elusive, the giant beasts too ferocious.
Sapiens could dig up delicious truffles and hunt down woolly mammoths, but domesticating either species was out of the question. Why did agricultural revolutions erupt in the Middle East, China and Central America but not in Australia, Alaska or South Africa? The reason is simple: most species of plants and animals can’t be domesticated. Sapiens Book PDF Download From these initial focal points, agriculture spread far and wide.īy the first century AD the vast majority of people throughout most of the world were agriculturists.
New Guineans tamed sugar cane and bananas, while the first West African farmers made African millet, African rice, sorghum and wheat conform to their needs. North America’s first gardeners were those who got tired of combing the undergrowth for edible gourds and decided to cultivate pumpkins. Chinas first revolutionaries domesticated rice, millet and pigs. South Americans learned how to raise potatoes and llamas, unaware of what was going on in either Mexico or the Levant. People in Central America domesticated maize and beans without knowing anything about wheat and pea cultivation in the Middle East. Some animals and plants, such as camels and cashew nuts, were domesticated even later, but by 3500 BC the main wave of domestication was over. Wheat and goats were domesticated by approximately 9000 BC peas and lentils around 8000 BC olive trees by 5000 BC horses by 4000 BC and grapevines in 3500 BC. It began slowly and in a restricted geographical area. The transition to agriculture began around 9500–8500 BC in the hill country of south eastern Turkey, western Iran, and the Levant. It was a revolution in the way humans lived – the Agricultural Revolution. This work, they thought, would provide them with more fruit, grain and meat. Sapiens Book PDF by Yuval Noah Harari Name of BookĪbout Book – Sapiens Book PDF Download by Yuval Noah Harari From sunrise to sunset humans sowed seeds, watered plants, plucked weeds from the ground and led sheep to prime pastures.
Click here to Download Sapiens: A Brief History of Humankind Book having PDF Size 7 MB and No of Pages 324.Īll this changed about 10,000 years ago, when Sapiens began to devote almost all their time and effort to manipulating the lives of a few animal and plant species.
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